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What is Medical Billing & RCM?

RCM Cycle Diagram

Medical Billing is the process that ensures healthcare providers get paid for the services they deliver. It begins the moment a patient schedules an appointment and continues until the final payment is collected. Medical billers take the clinical information from doctors and convert it into standardized codes, prepare claims, and submit them to insurance companies for reimbursement. They also follow up on unpaid claims, correct errors, appeal denials, and communicate with both patients and insurers to make sure every service is billed accurately.

Revenue Cycle Management (RCM) is the complete financial ecosystem behind medical billing. It covers every step of a patient’s financial journey—from verifying insurance eligibility, obtaining prior authorizations, capturing charges, coding diagnoses and procedures, submitting claims, posting payments, to handling denials and patient billing. RCM brings together the administrative, financial, and clinical aspects of healthcare into one streamlined process, ensuring providers receive timely and accurate revenue.

What Are Claim Forms in Medical Billing?

Claim forms are official documents used to request reimbursement from insurance payers for healthcare services provided to patients. They act as the financial communication bridge between healthcare providers and insurance companies, ensuring all clinical, demographic, and billing information is accurately submitted. In the U.S. healthcare system, there are two primary claim forms, each designed for specific types of services:

⭐ 1. CMS-1500 Claim Form (Professional Claims)

The CMS-1500 (also known as the HCFA-1500) is used by individual healthcare providers, such as:

  • Physicians
  • Nurse practitioners
  • Therapists
  • Durable Medical Equipment (DME) suppliers
  • Independent labs
  • Ambulance services

It contains 33 form fields (“boxes”) where the provider enters all required billing information.

🟦 BOXES 1–13 → Patient & Insurance Information

🟩 BOXES 14–20 → Clinical & Episode Information

🟧 BOXES 21–24 → Coding & Charge Details

🟥 BOXES 25–33 → Provider, Facility & Payment Information

⭐ 2. UB-04 / CMS-1450 Claim Form (Institutional Claims)

The UB-04 is used by facilities, such as:

  • Hospitals
  • Skilled Nursing Facilities (SNF)
  • Inpatient rehabilitation centers
  • Outpatient hospitals
  • Home health & hospice
  • Residential facilities

The UB-04 has over 80 fields ("FL - Form Locators") and covers more complex billing, including:

  • Room & board
  • Occurrence codes
  • Value codes
  • Revenue codes
  • Condition codes
  • DRG classifications
  • Inpatient details
  • Institutional charges

RCM Learning Categories

⭐ RCM Basics

  • POS – Place of Service

    POS codes identify where the service was provided (office, hospital, home, telehealth, etc.).

    View Full POS List
  • Clearing House

    A clearing house checks claims, applies payer edits, and forwards clean claims to insurance companies.

    Learn About Clearing House
  • CARC – Denial Codes

    CARC codes explain the financial reason behind claim denials and adjustments.

    Open CARC Guide
  • RARC – Remark Codes

    RARC codes provide additional explanation for payer decisions and denial messages.

    Open RARC Guide

⭐ Advanced RCM

  • EDI – Electronic Data Interchange

    EDI enables digital transmission of claims, eligibility checks, ERAs, and claim status inquiries.

    Learn About EDI
  • PFS – Provider Fee Schedule

    PFS determines allowed amounts using RVUs, GPCI, and CMS conversion factors for each CPT code.

    More Details
  • LCD & NCD

    LCDs and NCDs outline Medicare’s coverage decisions and what documentation is required.

    More Details
  • MUE - Medically Unlikely Edit

    MUE and MAI define Medicare’s daily unit limits and how strictly those limits are enforced, including when appeals are possible.

    More Details

Contact A2Z RCM

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Phone +91 9014779335
Email contact@a2zrcm.co.in